Usucapion au temps de Justinien

Usucapio est adiectio dominii per continuationem possessionis temporis lege definiti.

Dig.41.3.3 Modestinus 5 pand.

Et ideo constitutionem super hoc promulgavimus, qua cautum est, ut res quidem mobiles per triennium usucapiantur, immobiles vero per longi temporis possessionem, id est inter praesentes decennio, inter absentes viginti annis, usucapiantur, et his modis, non solum in Italia sed in omni terra quae nostro imperio gubernatur.

Justinien, Instit. LIB. II, TIT. VI. DE USUCAPIONIBUS ET LONGI TEMPORIS POSSESSIONIBUS

Usucapion au temps de Justinien

L'usucapion est l'annexion d'une propriété par la continuité d'un temps de possession défini par la loi .

Dig.41.3.3 Modestinus 5 pand.

A ce sujet nous avons promulgué une disposition légale qui prévoit que les biens mobiliers peuvent être acquis par usucapion au bout de trois ans, quant aux biens immobiliers, il faut la possessio pendant un long moment, cad dix ans inter praesentes et vingt ans inter absentes et cela non seulement en Italie mais dans tout endroit qui est sous notre gouvernement.

Justinien, Instit. LIB. II, TIT. VI.  DE USUCAPIONIBUS ET LONGI TEMPORIS POSSESSIONIBUS.

USUCAPION SOUS JUSTINIEN

Texte et traduction

Article by George Long, M.A., Fellow of Trinity College
on pp37-44 of William Smith, D.C.L., LL.D.:
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, John Murray, London, 1875.

Article : Usucapio

When finally all distinction was abolished between Res Mancipi and Nec Mancipi, and the ownership of all things could be acquired by Traditio and Occupatio, that kind of Usucapio ceased by which a thing In bonis became a man's Ex Jure Quiritium. All Usucapio was now the same, and its general definition became "adjectio dominii per continuationem possessionis temporis lege definiti" (Dig.41 tit.3 s2, De Usurpationibus et Usucapionibus). By a constitution of Justinian (Inst. 2 tit.6, De Usucapionibus et longi temporis possessionibus) it was enacted that there might be usucapion of Res Mobiles in three years, and of Res Immobiles "per longi temporis possessionem," which is explained to be ten years "inter praesentes," and twenty years "inter absentes;" and this applied to the whole Roman empire; but the conditions of "justus titulus," "bona fides," and the capability to be an object of usucapion were still required. The absence of a justus titulus or the fact of the thing being not capable of usucapion, did not deprive the possessor of the title by usucapion, but a possession of thirty, or in some cases, forty years was required. From this time the terms Usucapio and Longi temporis praescriptio, were used indifferently, as some writers suppose, though on this point there is not uniformity of opinion.